How Long Does a Pond Pump Need to Be on Each Day?
A pond pump and a filter are necessary to maintain pond health. A well-maintained pond adds value to a home, and even though a large pond with fish requires more maintenance than a small pond, it is worth the extra effort, providing movement, color and a dramatic landscape element. A pond’s pump should run 24 hours each day to ensure the pond’s water circulates through the filter to keep the water clear.
Pump Function
A pond pump may be submerged in the pond’s water or sit outside the pond, depending on the pump type, but both types work in the same way. The pump uses spinning blades, known as impellers, to pull pond water through a screenlike intake and expel the water through an outlet pipe. Generally, a large pond has an external pump and a smaller pond or water garden has a submersible pump. Any kind of pump requires regular maintenance of its intake filter and screen to prevent clogging.
Pump Size
Before buying a pond pump, calculate your pond’s water capacity to determine the size of pump required to circulate all of the pond’s water through the pump every one to two hours. Formulas can help you determine your pond’s water capacity in gallons from pond measurements taken in feet. The formula for a rectangular pond is length x width x depth x 7.48 = gallons. For a circular pond, the formula is radius x radius x 3.14 x average depth x 7.48 = gallons. The formula for an irregularly shaped pond requires dividing the pond into easier-to-calculate shapes, figuring the water capacity in gallons for each of those shapes and then multiplying the total sum of those gallons by 231 instead of 7.48.
Operating Cost
A pond that has a pump or other electric equipment requires electricity, and so it will increase your monthly electric cost. Some pumps cost less to operate than other pumps. Reduce the cost of pump operation by using a pump that moves the necessary amount of pond water while using the least amount watts; a watt is a measurement of electrical usage. Calculate the cost of operating a pump by using this formula: Divide the watts by 1,000, and then multiply that figure by 24 hours, the number of days per operation and electricity cost. An example is: 300 watts/1000 x 24 hours x 30 days x 0.08 for electricity cost = $17.28 as the cost to run the pump for 30 days.
Other Considerations
Mosquitoes can be a problem when a pond is in the landscape, but mosquitoes lay eggs in only stagnant water. A pump can keep the pond water moving, deterring mosquitoes from laying eggs in the water. Even a small amount of moving water can prevent mosquitoes from laying eggs. So if a pump is not feasible, add a fountain bubbler to keep water moving.
How Many Watts Would a 2.5 HP Pump Use?
A pump helps circulate and filter the water in a pool. A pump’s horsepower determines how quickly the pump can process all the water. The goal is for the pump to sufficiently filter all the water in an 8 to 10 hour period, according to Aquascapes. Depending on the size and volume of your pool, you will need more or less horsepower to filter the water in that ideal time frame. Horsepower can be converted to watts, giving you a guesstimate of what your energy costs might be to run your pump.
Math Conversions
One horsepower is equal to 745.7 watts. When you multiply 745.7 watts by 2.5 hp, you get 1,864.25 watts. Energy costs are calculated in kilowatt-hours, and to get kilowatt-hours, you multiply watts by hours and divide by 1,000. So, if you run your pool pump for 8 hours in one day, 1,864.25 multiplied by 8 and divided by 1,000 equals 14.9 kilowatt-hours. If you run your pump every day for an average of 30 days per month — 30 multiplied by 14.9 — your pump uses 447 kilowatt-hours in a month.
Planning: Pond Calculations
Here’s the rule of thumb for measurement of your pond.
SQUARE FEET on the surface area.
- Rectangle
length x width = Square feet of pond
- Circular
3.14 (1/2 diameter x 1/2 diameter) = square feet of surface
NUMBER OF CUBIC FEET
- Rectangle
average length x average width x average depth = volume in cubic feet
- Circular
3.14 (1/2 diameter x 1/2 diameter x depth = volume in cubic feet
To calculate GALLONS in your pond
cubic feet x 7.48 = capacity in gallons
FORMULAS TO DETERMINE APPROXIMATE AMOUNT OF ROCK NEEDED:
- Quantity of BOULDERS in a pond (tons) = length (ft) x width (ft) divided by 65
- Quantity of BOULDERS using 1.2.1 ratio. Length x Width divided by 40
- Quantity of 1/4 inch to 3 inch GRAVEL (tons) = tons of boulders x .45
- Quantity of BOULDERS in a STREAM = 3/4 TON PER 10 FEET OF STREAM LENGTH
Around the FACE of A SIGNATURE 6000 BIOFALLS you will need approximate 3/4 TO 1 1/4 tons of boulders.
Note: If you are building a large water feature you will need to increase the tonage of rock as the stone you will use will be larger and carry more weight.
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Dividing Plants at Spring Clean Out
Your plants can be divided in the spring and, if in pots that you can lift out of the pond, you could wait till late spring if you so desire as any plant can be divided up to early August. All perennial plants such as all Pickerel, Arrow plants, Iris and any other perennial plant in your pond should be divided approximately every three years depending on how large they have become or how crowded the pot has become.
Marginal plants can be divided two ways; either you can gently pull apart the plants which will leave you with several new plants. Or you will need a knife to cut through the plant. Plants like Pickerel, arrow plants grow in a bulb type and can be easily divided. Gently tease the growing points of the plant apart and/or dividing the plants at a natural breaking point. Iris grow in a rhizone which also can be divided by pulling apart, just be careful that you get some root with each plant. Always throw away mushy or diseased sections. Trim back any old or dying leaves, old rootstock or spent flowers.
If using a knife, clean with a bleach solution before cutting other plants. Some of the bulb plants such as the Arrow plant are late to produce any growth. You will just see the bulb and if it is in a pot, just thin out. If planted in the pond, you may have to look hard for these bulbs or divide later. Iris rhizone can be divided and replanted in the pond. Iris do not need to be planted very deep and only like their rhizone wet. Most of the pickerel, rushes, iris, and arrow plant need to be on the first shelf as they are marginal plants. The second shelf is usually held for the Lilies.
Floating plants (such as parrot’s feather) and oxygenators (anacharis, hornwort) need to be trimmed also. Trim off 6 to 10 inches of the fresh growth at the top of the existing strands. Cut out the middle section of straggly growth. These cuttings will root on their own accord. Parrot’s feather can be tucked into the rock substrate to hold it in place or placed in a pot.
Lilies have two forms:
Clump-Forming Lilies and Tuber-Type Lilies.
Clump Form Lilies
The clump form will produce new baby plants at the base of the mother plant. Wash the soil off the roots and look for these delicate little plantlets at the crown of the larger plant. Gently work them a part. Mix a granular, slow release fertilizer into the soil at the bottom of the plant pocket or pot and replant the largest clump with the crown at or just above the soil surface. Soil just needs to be good clay dirt not potting soil or use aquatic soil (available at any Home Depot). Remove any ragged leaves and flower buds to save energy for root growth. Always use pebbles on top of the soil to prevent fish from disturbing the soil and fouling up the water in your pond. Believe me this can make quite a mess in your pond by turning your water brown if you do not use gravel particularly if you have large fish.!
Tuber-type Lilies
The tuber form of the water lily produces new plants off the rhizome or tuber. Find a firm piece of tuber with plenty of growth points and use a clean, sharp knife to cut off a section that is at least two inches long (three or four inches is best). It might be tempting to just snap off a chuck, but a clean cut will heal faster.
Mix granular fertilizer into fresh soil at the bottom of the plant pocket or pot and plant the tuber with the cut end against the side of the pot/pocket. Make sure growth points are at or above the soil surface, but the cut end can be below the soil. Layer pea gravel or a couple of well-placed rocks that help keep the plant in place until its new roots anchor it. Also, remove the ragged
leaves and flower buds to save the plant’s energy for root growth.
Tropical Lilies are Different
Starting out as a small, moldy looking bump at the leaf’s sinus (the point where the two lobes of the leaf meet), a tiny plant clone forms. Cut the stem of the parent leaf, turn it upside down on the water surface and a plantlet will grown from the leaf sinus. When roots form, the plantlet can be removed from the parent leaf, planted in a small, soil-filled pot and placed in shallow water.
As with most lilies, when young plants have four or five good-sized leaves, it can be placed in a full size pot or plant pocket and placed in deeper water.
Fertilize again with tablets as the season proceeds. Push tablets down the sides of the pot away from the plant. Continue to feed your lilies about once a month until fall.
So don’t be shy….divide and share with your friends. They are hardy plants and as long as you keep them well hydrated, it is hard to make a mistake besides you will get more bloom from a plant that has more room to grow.
Happy Dividing,
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877 780-1174
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